The preclinical data place GHK-Cus influence primarily in the proliferation and remodeling phases recruiting and activating fibroblasts, feeding matrix synthesis, supporting new-vessel formation to perfuse the growing tissue, and then enabling proper cross-linking so the new matrix gains strength
Phase II neutralizes them by covalently attaching a conjugation group (glucuronic acid, glutathione, sulfate, acetyl, methyl, or amino acid) that increases polarity, reduces reactivity, and enables transport into bile or urine
Works locally in the gut rather than the brain, making it a unique option with a different side-effect profile
They carry a greater risk, so greater judgment needs to be used in the patients that utilize them, he said