Choline is actively transported across the placenta, leading to fetal plasma choline levels six to seven times higher than maternal blood levels, and amniotic fluid concentrations nearly ten times higher ( In females, as estrogen levels decline, the choline metabolism and utilization undergo significant changes
G., Plecko, B., Roschinger, W., Schwab, K
Alzheimers Dement 15, 106152
A key concept for understanding this interface is that while health-damaging behaviors (e.g.: poor diet, excessive alcohol consumption, sleep deprivation and circadian disruption) contribute to allostatic load and the many consequences of such behaviors on triggering and exacerbating these illnesses, it is increasingly recognized that health-promoting behaviors that protect mitochondrial metabolism and energy regulation are an essential component of successful allostasis